The Two Main Raw Feeding Approaches
BARF (Biologically Appropriate Raw Food)
BARF typically comprises approximately 70% raw muscle meat, 10% raw meaty bones, 10% offal (at least half of which should be liver), and 10% vegetables, fruit, and other additions. The inclusion of plant matter reflects the view that dogs are omnivores whose diet should include more than animal products alone.
Prey Model Raw (PMR)
PMR attempts to mirror a whole-prey diet -- approximately 80% muscle meat, 10% raw meaty bones, and 10% offal. No plant matter is included. Both models require careful attention to balance.
Nutritional Risks of Raw Feeding
The most significant risk of home-prepared raw feeding is nutritional imbalance. Studies have found a proportion of home-prepared raw diets are deficient in key nutrients including calcium, phosphorus, zinc, and certain vitamins. Using a complete commercial raw food formulated to FEDIAF guidelines significantly reduces this risk.
Food Safety and Bacteria
Raw meat can carry Salmonella, Campylobacter, Listeria, and E. coli. The risk extends to humans handling the food, particularly young children, elderly people, and immunocompromised individuals.
Safe handling principles:
- Buy from suppliers operating under the UK Pet Food Raw Standard Scheme
- Keep raw food frozen and thaw in the fridge only
- Feed from a dedicated bowl, washed separately with hot water after each use
- Wash hands thoroughly after handling raw food
- Do not allow your dog to lick faces immediately after eating
UK Pet Food Raw Standard Scheme
UK Pet Food (formerly the PFMA) operates a Raw Standard Scheme in conjunction with KIWA and government bodies including DEFRA and the FSA. Look for Raw Standard approval when choosing a commercial raw food supplier.
How to Start Raw Feeding
- Speak to your vet first, particularly if your dog has any health conditions
- Choose a complete commercial raw food from a reputable UK supplier
- Transition gradually over 7 to 10 days
- Monitor stool quality -- raw-fed dogs typically produce smaller, firmer stools
- Monitor body condition and adjust portions as needed
Is Raw Feeding Right for Your Dog?
Raw feeding is not recommended for immunocompromised dogs, households with young children or elderly or immunocompromised people, dogs with a history of pancreatitis, or puppies under 12 weeks without veterinary guidance.